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Tag Archives: walking

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Faster people tend to live in wealthier nations.

According to psychologist Robert Levine, cultures with faster walkers probably have more people, a cooler climate, a “vital economy” and they value individualism. Measuring “tempo” in 31 different countries, in A Geography of Time, he explains how time and the fabric of our culture interact.

To assess your own “time urgency,” Dr. Levine suggests you consider these variables:

  1. Do you care what time it is?
  2. Do you speak quickly? Tolerate interruptions? Look for the point of a statement immediately?
  3. Are you a speedy eater? Walker? Impatient driver?
  4. Do you value punctuality?
  5. Do you depend on lists?
  6. Do wait times annoy you?

Here, in a past post, we look at more of Dr. Levine’s work.

The Economic Lesson

In his NY Times Economic View column, economist Tyler Cowen tells that U.S. productivity numbers are slipping. If a worker has less output per hour, then the impact can be felt far beyond the workplace. Living standards, GDP and wages will be affected.

And that returns us to time. A society with a faster tempo is likely to be more productive.

An Economic Question: Specifically, how might “time urgency” and productivity relate? Examples?

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A podcast on cities from WNYC’s Radiolab cited walking speed as a part of a city’s personality.

To walk 60 feet, people averaged 10.55 seconds in Singapore,  12.37 seconds in Paris, 21 seconds in Buchanan, Liberia, and 31.60 seconds in Blantyre, Malawi. Hearing a city’s average walking speed, which was remarkably consistent when measured during different years, researchers could estimate economic data such as average income.

The Economic Lesson

Economists and their physics and psychology research partners are starting to perceive cities as organisms. They have said, for example, that cities, functioning as an economy of scale, “get more economical with size.” They also have observed that individuals tend to be more productive in larger cites, to earn higher wages, and to innovate more. In fact, when a city becomes so large that it might run out of resources, its response is to innovate. However, cities experience diminishing returns– less extra benefit– from each new innovation.

Especially because more than half of the world’s population lives in cities, economists care about how cities function.

 

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